2.Microcontrollers/Microprocessors

         The microprocessor/microcontroller is very very basic of embedded systems.Nowadays all latest advanced equipments having microcontroller/microprocessor.A designer/Architect of chip should know what types of components he needs, ways to reduce production costs and product reliable.

Blocks in microprocessor/controller:

• CPU: Central Processing Unit
• I/O: Input /Output
• Bus: Address bus & Data bus
• Memory: RAM & ROM
• Timer
• Interrupt
• Serial Port
• Parallel Port 

Microprocessor:

• CPU for Computers
• Does not have RAM, ROM, I/O on CPU chip itself
• Example：Intel’s x86, Motorola’s 680x0

A microprocessor  is a general purpose central processing unit of a digital computer

–

            A very popular general term known as "A chip on a computer".Processors have most of their opcodes moving data from external memory to the CPU.

Microcontroller:

                      A micro controller is a true computer on a chip.A very popular general term known as "A computer on a chip".         The prime use of a microcontroller is to control the operation of a machine using fixed programs that is stored in ROM that doesn't change over the life time of the system.
Example:
Atmel, philips Microcontrollers..

Let us see about "8051 Microcontroller" in detail.

1.What is embedded systems?

1.What is embedded systems?

    Embedded systems are a combination of hardware and software. An embedded system has specific requirements and performs pre-defined tasks.

What is hardware?

         Hardware in the sense "a chip" mounted on a board with required interfaces.

What is Software?

       Software is nothing but the programs which is capable to run the hardware towards the designed applications such as Washing machine, ticket vending machines, USB modems...etc...

Here is the questions will come in mind what and all blocks will get included.Let me lists out the blocks in embedded system.

1.Microprocessors/Microcontrollers.(chip)

2.Software codings (Embedded c)

3.PCB Design.